Abstract

In this study, a layered double hydroxide functionalized with an ionic liquid catalyst was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using advanced techniques, including FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TGA, SEM, and EDS. The results confirmed the formation and stability of the material, its layered structure, and the presence of the ionic liquid on its surface. The MgAl-LDH-IL material showed significant catalytic effectiveness and selectivity in the synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinone. The reaction conditions for synthesizing pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinone were optimized, with the best results achieved under solvent-free conditions at 120 °C for 6 hours. Under these conditions, the reaction had a 65% yield with a 1:1 molar ratio of substrates. The solvent-free approach not only simplified the process but also reduced environmental and health risks, following the current trend toward green and sustainable chemistry. Furthermore, these reaction conditions were applied to synthesize four pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinones, with yields ranging from 13% to 65%. The physical properties of these derivatives, including color, state, and melting points, were determined, and their structural features were confirmed using ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The successful synthesis of these derivatives contributes to expanding the library of organic compounds with potential implementation in areas such as pharmaceuticals and material science. Overall, the combination of a heterogeneous catalyst and solvent-free conditions provides an economical, environmentally friendly, and scalable strategy for synthesizing biologically relevant heterocyclic compounds, in alignment with the principles of sustainable organic synthesis.